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124 International Multi. J. of PURE LIFE. 8 (25): 121-132, Winter 2021
in 1996, published its anti-Arab and anti-Asian
report in November 1976 racism. (Emami and
entitled “Islamophobia: A Hosseini Faeq, 2011)
Challenge to All of Us”.
The report defines Causes of Islamophobia
Islamophobia as unfounded In order to answer this
fear and reluctance towards question, it is necessary to
Muslims, which leads to consider a set of factors that
repulsion and discrimination include a range of historical,
against them. cultural, social and political
- American author Stephen factors, and below are some
Schwartz condemns examples of these factors:
Islamophobia as condemning 1. Migration and Confrontation
Islam as a whole and of Cultures
the history of Muslims The majority of Muslims in
as extremist, denying European countries have an
the moderate Muslim immigrant background. Most
majority and considering of these countries increased
Islam as a problem for labor migration from Muslim
the world, dealing with countries following World
Muslim conflicts as War II.
necessarily the result of The initial plan was for
their mistakes; with these immigrants to stay only
emphasizing that Muslims temporarily in these countries
seek change based on and then return to their country
their religion and declaring of origin, and therefore their
war on Islam as a whole. integration into host communities
- An article in the journal was not encouraged; but many
“Sociology” in 2007 of these migrant workers
defined Islamophobia as eventually decided to stay.
racism against Muslims EU countries imposed
and the continuation of
severe restrictions on immigration
