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40 International Multi. J. of PURE LIFE. 7 (23): 23-46, Summer 2020
with the “accuracy” of the In the area of religion and
message. faith which is more sensitive, it
We can compare a is better to do the evaluation
component with what we know with all possible standards,
about a subject. If the new otherwise the outcome of the
component does not match evaluation will not be so valid.
what we already know, our Another point is that
judgment is that the new although knowledge structures
component is false. provide us with the necessary
Another cognitive-type information, we should not be
standard is the “utility and overly confident in the
efficiency” of the message. accuracy of the available
This standard means information, as we may save
understanding the existing incorrect information or the
knowledge structures. Our saved information may lose
knowledge tells us whether we their correctness through the
should evaluate the new time.
component, because this new In fact, we need to update
component should be included in our information and be open-
our existing knowledge structures. minded facing with conflicting
“Utility and efficiency” are beliefs. Many people resist
presented in three ways: against the up-dated
• they expand our information they face in their
knowledge structure by lives and do not try to change
adding a new component their beliefs.
to a new topic; In fact, these people do
• they add a component to not change with the change
our current knowledge to of the world, so they
extend its depth; continue their diverted
• they add another beliefs through the thoughts
example to a fact we have that may be wrong today.
already had in our Another important point in
knowledge structure . evaluation is attention to the
source of the message. Not