Page 89 - Pure Life 32
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               88  International Multi. J. of PURE LIFE. 9 (32): 61-97, Autumn. 2022

               embraces  Islam  is  the                   Muslims.  They  have
               peaceful community.                        autonomy  and  freedom
                  One      of     the    most             of religion.
               important  feature  of  the                *  Non-Muslims  take  up
               Constitution  of  Medina  is               arms  against  the  enemy

               the  redefinition  of  ties                of  the  nation  and  share
               between  Muslims.  It  sets                the cost of war. There is
               faith-based      relationships             to  be  no  treachery

               above       blood-ties      and            between the two.
               emphasizes          individual             *  Non-Muslims  are  not
               responsibility. Tribal identities          obliged  to  take  part  in

               are  still  important  to  refer           the  Muslims'  religious
               to different groups, but the               wars.
               main  binding  tie  for  the

               newly-created  Umma  is                   By  the  Medina  Charter,
               religion. That contrasts with          the  Prophet  renewed  the
               the  norms  of  pre-Islamic            social  relations  of  the
               Arabia. (Serjeant, 1978)               community  and  founded  a

                  The  non-Muslims  had               network peacemaking based
               the following rights on the            on faith.
               condition  they  follow  the              This  intercultural  and

               Muslims: (Barakat, 1979)               interfaith  charter  teaches
               -  The  security  of  God  is          the  Muslim  peacemakers
               equal for all groups:                  today  to  have  Umma-

                   * Non-Muslim members               building  perspective  by
                   have  the  same  political         recognizing  the  cultural
                   and  cultural  rights  as          and     religious     diversity
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