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Differences in the Issue of Atheism… S. Fahs and M.H.H al-askari / (17
Leo Shestov, all of views of many new atheists
which in different ways such as the Four Horsemen are
point to a God that flawed and fail to meet their
transcends any human own criteria of rationality.
conception. (Gray, “New atheists condemn
2018: 7-8) religious beliefs and contend
that such beliefs are
However, the “Seven Types destructive to human life and
of Atheism” is not an lacking any basis in reality”.
exhaustive list of all kinds of He also said that their
atheism in the world. John “comprehension of the scope
Gray explains the different and limitations of science is
methods of disbelieving in poor, as is their understanding
God especially focusing on the of religion and its greatest
New or modern atheism which thinkers”. (Ward, 2009)
is represented by the Four As well as critiques the
Horsemen authors: theory of new atheists stating
Richard Dawkins, Christopher that it is nothing more than a
Hitchens, Daniel Dennet and repackaging of all the old anti-
Sam Harris. They assume that religious philosophical arguments.
religion was an obstacle to the Another type of western
development of science publishing atheism which John Gray
several books on the same disregards is: Agnostic atheism.
subject criticizing religion and Weak atheists emphasize
promoting atheism. one’s lack of belief in gods
On the contrary, Professor unlike agnostic atheists which
Ward, who is a champion of highlight that one does not
the compatibility of science make any knowledge claims
and religion, argues that the
and how usually the lack of
