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The Gradation and Unity of Existence… S.A. Hosseini et al (30



                         There is no second for it in               Actually,  the  theory  of
                         actuality.  All  things  that              mystics (Unity of Existence)
                         appear  in  the  world  of                 is  an  accurate  and  deep

                         existence,      except       the           view  of  this  issue,  so  it
                         Necessary Being (deity), are               dominates  the  theory  of
                         nothing except manifestations              philosophers (Gradation of

                         of Devine and appearances                  Existence). (Hosseini Tehrani,
                         of his attributes. (Mulla Sadra,           2005: 213-214)
                         1981, Vol. 2: 292)
                                                                    Islamic mystics and philosophers
                         Furthermore,  he  explicitly            proved this theory with many
                       wrote that the first theory was           rational and textual arguments,
                       for education:                            (Ref: Mulla Sadra, 1981, Vol. 2:

                         It’s very necessary to know             301; Amininijad, 2015: 205-209)
                         that  we  proved  different             some of which are mentioned
                         grades  for  existence  and             below:

                         accepted what was accustomed               The  existence  of  God  is
                         on  the  stages  of  education          infinite,  not  as  potentially
                         and research that existence             infinite  numbers.  The  actual

                         has multiplicity in it; that is         infinite existence refuses every
                         not  contradicting  what  we            other being to exist because it
                         are  proving  now  that                 would change God’s existence

                         existence  and  being  are              to be limited and finite, which
                         confined  to  a  single  self           would  contradict our  original
                         and  reality,  as  it  is  the          supposition and be impossible.
                         doctrine  of  saints  and                  As      the      Transcendent

                         mystics. (Mulla Sadra, 1981,            Wisdom  proved,  existence  is
                         Vol. 1: 71)                             the  only  fundamental  and
                                                                 absolute  reality.  A  thing’s
                         Famous Muslim philosopher               absoluteness does not yield to
                       Allamah Tabataba'i said:
                                                                 duplication      or    repetition.
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