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Criticizing Muslim Thinkers' Views on Religion and Development … A. Ali et al (105
theorists considered religion and religion (Ref; Razania
and tradition serious obstacles Shirazi, 2022; Sajidi, 2001).
to the development of countries. Muẓaffar ‘Iqbāl has also
However, at the end of the addressed this issue in his
th
20 century, the thinkers of works. In the definition of
the new modernization science from the perspective
paradigm such as Giddens did of Islam, he stated:
not consider tradition and religion Science is an organized
as obstacles to development, study of nature. Since it
but rather as one of the factors was developed in Islamic
for the development of countries. civilization, could not
After the Middle Ages, treat nature and its study
significant progress in natural as an alien being to Islam
th
sciences from the 17 to the (Ref: Iqbal, 2019).
th
19 century in the West He argued with the Qur'an,
provided the context for the verses of chapter Noor, that
conflict between science and nature, e.g., everything between
th
religion. From the 19 century, the heaven and the earth,
discussions related to human obeys the divine command
growth and development were and acts according to it, and
raised with the works of the nature that the Qur'an
thinkers such as Comte and described, instead of being a
Marx, and the idea that religion self-standing, automatic or
not only has no role in the random entity, is a structure. It
development of man and is a development whose parts
society but also is the main are interconnected, compatible,
obstacle became popular. In the integrated, and vibrant, and in
th
20 century, various interactions terms of ontology, all of them
between science and development are dependent on the Creator,
and religion were proposed, and in their way, they praise
including the distinction between and glorify Him (Ibid).
development and religion and the Few researches have been done
complementarity of development about the relationship between
