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               58   International Multi. J. of PURE LIFE. 7 (23): 47-77, Summer 2020
                  The initial investments in the     reconstruct  them  as  horizontal
               tools  are  high  because  of  their   structures  spread  across  the
               high  cost  of  research  and         globe  through  the  medium  of
               development but with increased        CST.
               consumption  of  the  tools  their       CST  is  the  energy-field  that
               prices fall rapidly and return on     electrifies  and  animates  the
               investment  is  determined  by        learning/teaching communities.
               rapid volumes of consumption.            Knowledge  is  increasingly
                  A stark evidence of this is the    revealing its inherent democratic
               cost-effective  accessibility  of     nature.
               smartphones,      laptops,    and        Institutions  retain  their  walls
               desktops  where  the  smartphone      only  to  re-functionalise  their
               is becoming the primary device        respective  global  communities
               of highly mobile persons.             otherwise  they  risk  becoming
                  Real  time  responses  are         archaic     architecture     with
               instant. This makes the spread of     obsolete  content  as  antique
               knowledge  and  information  an       furniture.
               exciting venture.                        Independent  big  thinkers  as
                  The      disseminators      of     well    as    researchers    and
               knowledge  can  add  worthwhile       developers  of  technology  and
               value to it.                          software  are  generating  fresh
                  Education  has  to  become         new  ideas  and  insights  to
               increasingly    personalised    if    enhance  education  as  a  truly
               educational  institutions  were  to   democratic  practice  and  human
                                               st
               remain  relevant  in  the  21         right  in  response  to  the
               century  through  the  increased      increasing  demands  of  ever-
               use of digital tools.                 widening communities.
                  Learners  use  the  services  of      Old questions are being asked
               an  institution  only  if  they  can   in new ways with new answers,
               help  them  to  make  progress  in    prised open by CST.
               life through learning.                    •  How to learn?
                  Digital  tools  are  compelling        •  How to teach?
               institutions  to  deconstruct  their      •  What  new  knowledge
               vertical      structures      and            and  skills  are  needed  in
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