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146 International Multi. J. of PURE LIFE. 10 (33): 131-167, Winter. 2023
justice and treated us something, He will fulfill it
with what is its beyond i.e. because breach of promise
His beneficence (Tafadhul). for reward is intellectually
(Saduq, 1993: 29) bad.
Noticeably, he implicitly
He remarked on two indicates to another rational
rational judgments in the judgment. However, because
above-mentioned instance. breach of promise for
Firstly, it is bad for the one punishment is not
who commands an action if rationally bad; but
he himself is not the doer beneficence and grace.
of which. Thus, Allah, who Thus, Allah favors upon us
orders us to act on justice, in respect of His promise of
must be just Himself, punishment. The argumentation
rather, He goes beyond and concerning to divine justice
favors us which is beyond is on the basis of rational
of justice. good and bad, as the
Sheikh Saduq defined pivotal disparity between
justice as follows, to be Adliyyah and Ashʽarite.
rewarded for the good acts In this regard, Muzaffar
and punished for the bad said:
ones. (Ibid) He defined The well-known discussion
beneficence as something of rational good and bad
beyond of justice and in theology is the major
considered essentiality of disparity between Adliyyah
Allah’s being just. Hence, and Ashʽarite, while some
if He promises a reward for
issues like believing in
